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- <text id=90TT0362>
- <title>
- Feb. 12, 1990: America Abroad
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Feb. 12, 1990 Scaling Down Defense
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 34
- AMERICA ABROAD
- How to Avoid the Bush Folly
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By Strobe Talbott
- </p>
- <p> James Baker's visit to Moscow this week is a throwback to
- those bygone days when strategic nuclear-arms control was the
- main event in U.S.-Soviet relations. Unfortunately, the
- Secretary of State has less room to maneuver than he needs to
- make the most of the mission.
- </p>
- <p> Until the mid-'80s, the root cause of East-West tension--the repressive, predatory nature of Soviet communism--was
- nonnegotiable. The old men in the Kremlin refused to brook
- "interference in the internal affairs of the U.S.S.R.," and
- they would not accept meaningful constraints on Soviet
- international behavior. That left little to talk about, except
- how many warheads should be allowed to dance on the head of an
- intercontinental ballistic missile.
- </p>
- <p> When Mikhail Gorbachev came to power five years ago, the
- U.S.-Soviet agenda broadened and deepened. During their four
- meetings in 1989, Baker and Eduard Shevardnadze spent so much
- time on the ideological and geopolitical issues at the core of
- the relationship that arms control was largely relegated to
- "working groups" manned by deputies. But the current leaders
- in Washington have come to realize that they are limited in
- what they can do to help Gorbachev succeed with perestroika.
- And the U.S. and the Soviet Union are nowhere near jointly
- managing the emergence of a new international order. George
- Bush is still groping for "the vision thing," and Gorbachev has
- his hands full keeping his own country in one piece. Therefore
- it's back to basics, and that means arms control.
- </p>
- <p> So far the Administration's position in the Strategic Arms
- Reduction Talks (START) is, in one key respect, still mired in
- the past. It is designed to preserve, in its redundant
- entirety, Ronald Reagan's so-called strategic modernization
- program. "Modernization" is a euphemism for breeding a whole
- aviary of brand-new weapon systems: not one but two long-range
- bombers (the B-1 and B-2 "Stealth"), not one but two ICBMs (the
- ten-warhead MX and the Midgetnot one but two species of cruise
- missiles (air launched and sea launched), plus a submarine
- missile. The cost: nearly $100 billion over the next five years.
- </p>
- <p> The kind of military overinsurance that the public was
- willing to pay for a decade ago looks like wretched excess now.
- Baker and the presidential National SeAdviser Brent Scowcroft
- would like to reduce the price tag on modernization, put a
- "Bush stamp" on START, and eliminate from both superpowers'
- arsenals weapons that are as dangerous as they are expensive.
- Just before the Malta summit last year they suggested scrapping
- the MX in exchange for a similar monster missile on the Soviet
- side, but the Pentagon squelched the idea--for the time
- being.
- </p>
- <p> Baker might get more flexibility in a follow-up round of
- nuclear diplomacy, START II, after the current talks produce
- a treaty later this year. However, hawks in the Pentagon and
- elsewhere in the Government are questioning whether there
- should even be a START II. All this is reminiscent of the
- bureaucratic factionalism that so often made for an unedifying
- subplot of arms control in the past.
- </p>
- <p> Either Baker, Scowcroft & Co. will start winning the
- intramural arguments and trade away some of the bigger-ticket
- items in the strategic-modernization program for Soviet
- concessions, or Congress will impose cuts of its own--in
- return for nothing but a thank-you from Moscow. In which case
- the legacy of the Reagan buildup could come to be called the
- Bush folly.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-